Споживчі товариства як організаційно-правова форма юридичної особи

Abstract

У статті визначено статус споживчого товариства як однієї з організаційно-правових форм юридичних осіб, що є й однією з організаційно правових форм активізації участі громадян у господарюванні та задоволенні їх власних потреб. Проаналізовано норми Цивільного та Господарського кодексів України, Законів України «Про кооперацію» та «Про споживчу кооперацію», відповідно до яких споживчим товариством визнається самостійна, демократична організація громадян, які на основі добровільності членства і взаємодопомоги за місцем проживання або роботи об’єднуються для спільного господарювання з метою поліпшення свого економічного і соціального стану. The status of a consumer partnership as one of organizational and legal forms of juridical entities, that is also one of organizational and legal forms of citizens’ more active participation in state-management and their personal needs satisfaction is determined in the article. The norms of the Civil Code and the State Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine “On Cooperation” and the “On Consumer Cooperation” are analyzed. According to the mentioned documents an independent, democratic citizens’ organization who unite in order to conduct common management for the sake of improving their economic and social status on the basis of voluntary partnership and mutual support are considered to be a consumer partnership. The above mentioned regulatory legal acts provide for different features of consumer partnerships. The features of consumer partnerships provided by current legislation are not civil and legal in their nature. Such a situation has become a legacy of the fact that the principles of legal regulation of the system of consumer partnerships, formed in the USSR, has not almost been changed yet. The very fact is that there is a need to develop a new legal model of consumer partnerships, which structure will take into account modern tendencies of the development of European legislation. It’s possible to formulate a list of civil and legal features of consumer cooperative partnerships that will distinguish them among any other partnerships. Namely they are: non-entrepreneurial legal status of consumer partnership; sufficiency of the main rights of the members of a partnership; subjects of property right of the members of a partnership; responsibility of the members of a partnership for obligations of a consumer partnership. All these features allow us to distinguish consumer partnerships as a separate organizational and legal form of non-entrepreneurial partnerships. The following definition of a consumer cooperative partnership can be proposed: it is a non-entrepreneurial cooperative partnership which members have a right for a concern. The size of this concern is determined as a set of unit and additional contributions. The members are liable within the value of the unit and are entitled to profit within the limits determined by law.