Аналіз проблемних питань праці засуджених

Abstract

У статті висвітлено роль Уповноваженого Верховної Ради України з прав людини, національного превентивного механізму і органів Держпраці у сфері дотримання трудових прав засуджених в установах виконання покарань. За основу дослідження взято виявлені порушення норм трудового законодавства за результатами моніторингових візитів національного превентивного механізму, Щорічні доповіді Уповноваженого з прав людини за 2015–2017 роки та опрацьовано винесені постанови органами Держпраці щодо накладених штрафів за порушення трудового законодавства на установи виконання покарань. Визначено проблемні питання залучення засуджених до праці та шляхи їх вирішення. The role of the Commissioner for Human Rights, the National Preventive Mechanism, the State Labor Law and a penal institution in the area of convicts’ labor rights observing is highlighted in the article. It is determined that normative and legal acts in the area of convicts’ labor have some differences in issues of remuneration, norms of working time, shortened working hours, work on holidays and weekends, labor protection, safety and industrial sanitation, labor dispute resolution, free choice of work, etc. After analyzing of these aspects, it was concluded that regulatory legal framework in these matters needs to be amended or clarified in order to solve the existing problem. Violation of labor law standards from practice of controlling and checking bodies was shown. The annual reports of the Commissioner for Human Rights for 2015-2017 years were analyzed. In addition, decisions were made by the State Labor Inspectorate regarding fines for violating labor law in penal institutions, as well as the results of monitoring visit of the National Preventive Mechanism, indicating the shortcomings detected during the inspections. On the basis of this, it was established that the fact that the fixed-term employment contract between a convict and a criminal and executive institution is made up with mistakes or is not made up at all. It means that the length of time required to appoint a pension to a convict will not be counted the term of his staying in penal institutions that, in turn, will also negatively contribute to the correction, resocialization and adaptation of the individuals after serving a sentence. Also, the facts of the pressure on the convicts and information manipulation in order to hide occupational injuries that arises as a result of violation of legislative norms of labor law, were also highlighted. It is interesting to highlight the analysis of the study, which cites the convicts, what they say about work in penal institutions that to a certain extent reflects the actual state of convicts’ labor at the present stage, and once again indicates that there is still a coercion to work; labor is not used as a means of correction and re-socialization, but as a means of intimidation and to some degree of torture.