Кримінологічна характеристика злочинності в місцях позбавлення волі

Abstract

У статті досліджено стан та структуру пенітенціарної злочинності в Україні, охарактеризовано детермінанти злочинності в місцях позбавлення волі, особа, що знаходиться в умовах несвободи, наведено класифікацію злочинців, які вчиняють злочини в місцях позбавлення волі. Акцентовано увагу на наявних недоліках, притаманних Державній кримінально-виконавчій службі, запропоновано шляхи їх усунення, сформульовано пропозиції щодо запобігання злочинності в установах виконання покарань. The article deals with a brief criminological characteristics of crime in detention facilities and its main components. The reason for this is the fact that the prevention of penitentiary crime must be considered as a relevant topic in criminological science. The own definition of crime level in society is given. The latest publications on the selected topic are analyzed. The condition and structure of penitentiary crime in Ukraine are investigated. The determinants of crime in detention facilities are characterized. The statistical data are analyzed in order to identify the patterns and peculiarities in communicative connections between convicts. Their comparing with foreign experience is made. A person who is in detention is characterized. Classification of criminals who commit crimes in detention facilities is given. Conditions of convicts’ detention and subjective and objective conditions for the level of crime increasing in detention facilities are investigated. The emphasis is placed on disadvantages inherent in the State Criminal and Executive Service and the ways to eliminate them are proposed. Suggestions concerning crime prevention in detention facilities are formulated. Researching the real state of crime in detention facilities, revealing the reasons of crime committing in penal institutions and making suggestions for reducing the number of crimes committed in detention conditions are also highlighted in the article. While analyzing crime in detention facilities, it should be noted that its level indicates the effectiveness of the whole system of execution of punishments. Existence of such a phenomenon reflects the insufficient level of convicts’ security, drawbacks in the work of supervision and security departments, an operational unit, the ineffectiveness of social and psychological service aimed at correcting and resocializing. Mentioned proposals are not an exhaustive list of possibilities to solve the problems of crime in detention facilities, but they can be combined with the existing strategies of the development of the State Criminal and Executive Service, such as employees’ of penal institutions advanced training, etc.