Особливості допиту малолітніх та неповнолітніх осіб у ході проведення слідчих (розшукових) дій

Abstract

У статті наведено особливості допиту малолітніх та неповнолітніх осіб у ході проведення слідчих (розшукових) дій. Досліджено питання щодо тактики проведення допиту зазначених осіб різних вікових груп. Розглянуто, де краще проводити допит малолітніх та неповнолітніх осіб, щоб досягти мету допиту. З’ясовано, як має бути встановлено та проведено допит неповнолітніх осіб, які страждають на розумову відсталість чи психологічні розлади. Проаналізовано деякі проблеми під час проведення допиту малолітніх та неповнолітніх осіб у ході проведення слідчих (розшукових) дій та запропоновано висновки щодо їх вирішення. The article is dedicated to the study of the peculiarities of juveniles and minors’ interrogation during investigative (search) actions. It is mentioned that the nature of the interrogation is that an investigator receives from the mentioned persons as a suspect, accused or witness information about the event of a criminal offense and other facts that are important for revealing the objective truth and compliance with all legal requirements. It is clarified exactly how the testimony of a minor and a juvenile should be written and to which person the investigator has the right to read the protocol at the end of the interrogation. The issue of who the summons should be written for in order to invite a minor and a juvenile for interrogation during the investigative (search) actions is covered. The personality of a teacher during the interrogation of a minor and the issue of what factors the investigator should rely on when involving the teacher in the interrogation are considered. It has been revealed that a kindergarten teacher has the right to be involved in the interrogation of a minor. The time of interrogation of minors of different age groups and juveniles, as well as the involvement of a legal representative, teacher, psychologist and psychiatrist in the interrogation are studied. The opinions of scholars regarding the optimal time of interrogation of these age groups are revealed. The problem issues of establishing and conducting interrogation of minors suffering from mental retardation or mental disorders and involving a doctor or psychiatrist during the interrogation is revealed. The classification of minors is considered. The moments at which the investigator should pay special attention to during preparing and conducting interrogation of minors and juveniles are analyzed. It is considered where it is better to interrogate minors and juveniles of different age groups in order to achieve the goal of interrogation and create comfortable conditions for the interrogated. It is clarified what tactics the investigator should use during the interrogation of minors. Some problems in the interrogation of minors in the course of investigative (search) actions are analyzed and conclusions on their solution are offered.