Міжнародно-правове регулювання забезпечення права захисту від бідності

Abstract

У статті проаналізовано особливості міжнародно-правового регулювання забезпечення права захисту від бідності. На основі аналізу наукових точок зору та законодавства автори доходять висновку, що право на захист від бідності є складовою частиною системи міжнародно визнаних прав людини, зокрема соціально-економічних прав. Воно тісно пов’язане з правом на достатній життєвий рівень, працю, соціальне забезпечення, освіту та охорону здоров’я. The article analyzes the features of international legal regulation of ensuring the right to protection from poverty. The authors point out the importance of the policies of individual states, as well as relevant provisions at the international level, which should be balanced and help the social and economic integration of citizens of the country living in poverty, the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the right to protection from poverty. The main international legal acts that are the main sources of international legal regulation of ensuring the right to protection from poverty are analyzed. It is noted that all countries pursuing a poverty reduction policy apply the same principles for establishing a minimum standard of living, defined in ILO Conventions No. 117 “On the Basic Objectives and Standards of Social Policy” of 1962 and UN Convention No. 82 “On Social Policy in Non-Metropolitan Territories” of 2012. In addition, new global economic and geopolitical challenges create less favorable conditions for the high-quality development of investment cooperation between countries, however, along with this, new opportunities for the development of the structure of states appear. The importance of the ILO’s use of two systems of minimum social standards is emphasized: “minimum social protection measures” for the poorest countries and “socially acceptable”, which are established by ILO Convention No. 102 of 1952. The importance of the UN positions on extreme poverty and poverty in general is highlighted. Based on the analysis of scientific points of view and legislation, the authors conclude that the right to protection from poverty is an integral part of the system of internationally recognized human rights, in particular socio-economic rights.