Деякі проблемні питання звільнення засуджених від відбування покарання з установ виконання покарань

Abstract

У статті здійснено аналіз основних підстав звільнення від відбування покарання з установ виконання покарань. Доведено, що досліджуваний правовий інститут має багато як теоретичних, так і практичних проблемних питань його застосування. Встановлено, що звільнення від відбування покарання – це міжгалузевий правовий інститут, порядок проведення якого чітко регламентований кримінальним, кримінально-виконавчим, кримінальним процесуальним законодавством.

The analysis of the main reasons for exemption from serving sentences in penal institutions is maintained in the article. It is proved that the studied law institute has many theoretical as well as practical problems of its application. It is found out that the exemption from serving a sentence is an inter-sectoral law institute, the procedure of which is clearly regulated not only by the criminal and criminal-executive legislation, but also by the criminal-procedural one, as well as the Law of Ukraine «About application of amnesty in Ukraine», Regulations on the procedure for pardon and other legal acts. It is determined that the release from serving a sentence is the logical end of the process of serving a sentence. It is stated that the institution of release is the fulfillment of the state guarantee that punitive influence on a convicted person will be over. It is proved that having such a guarantee is of the utmost importance as it provides the institution of punishment with reliability. Thanks to the release of punishment becomes reality. Attention is drawn to the fact that the legislator left the list of grounds for exemption from serving a sentence stipulated by Article 152 of the Criminal and Executive Code of Ukraine, «open», it means that the stated grounds for dismissal are not exhaustive, the law may provide for some other reasons. In the course of the research, a number of problematic issues of applying the investigated legal institute were highlighted, in particular: absence in the criminal and criminal-executive law of the list of duties, which are entrusted to persons who are conditionally and early released from serving their sentences during the trial period; absence of statutory criteria for the correction of convicted persons who are released on parole; the uncertainty of pregnancy, the birth of a child with a self-sufficient and unconditional basis for the release of a convicted person from punishment or delay of his/her execution; the absence of harmonized prescriptions of the Criminal and Criminal Procedural Codes of Ukraine regarding the determination of the order of sentencing without a sentence and others.