Методологія дослідження особливостей становлення та розвитку інституту ювенальної пробації в Україні

Abstract

У статті автор розглядає методологію дослідження особливостей становлення та розвитку інституту ювенальної пробації в Україні. З точки зору діалектичного матеріалізму, ювенальна пробація має бути досліджена в контексті її дієвості та своєчасності в межах наявного розвитку й менталітету українського суспільства з наступним прогнозуванням її трансформації у часі.

In the article, the author considers the methodology of researching the peculiarities of the establishment and development of the juvenile probation institute in Ukraine. It is indicated that the methodology of juvenile probation research should be based on a dialectical approach, which should be represented by the researcher's rationalism, his ability to draw parallels between different points of view on the same phenomenon and single out the "core", that can provide an opportunity to establish the universality of the studied phenomenon and its authenticity. From the point of view of dialectical materialism, juvenile probation should be investigated in the context of its effectiveness and timeliness within the existing development and mentality of Ukrainian society, with subsequent forecasting of its transformation over time. It is noted that the legislator's perception of the forms and limits of human existence, the legal and social needs of the country's citizens, gives him the opportunity not only to find ways to respond to any illegal actions of individuals, but also to warn them, correcting the deviant tendencies of the offender. That is why, considering juvenile probation through the prism of epistemology, it is possible to reproduce the symbiosis of sensual and rational, preserving the principle of humanism of criminal legislation and rationalism when working with a criminal offender. It is concluded that the methodology of the study of the peculiarities of the formation and development of the juvenile probation institute is a complex system of values, philosophical principles and guidelines on which the legislative representation of the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency and the single unified structure of humane interaction with deviant adolescents are based. To date, this methodology is almost no different from similar ones in the science of criminal law and has the main task of simplifying the process of researching individual phenomena with the subsequent integration of this kind of understanding into legislative initiatives and practices.