Щодо проблем удосконалення оперативно розшукового законодавства України

Abstract

У статті проаналізовано проблеми правового регулювання оперативно розшукової діяльності в Україні та обґрунтовано шляхи їх вирішення. Розглянуто проблеми правового регулювання оперативно-розшукової діяльності в Україні та вмотивовано напрями подальшого реформування в цій сфері. На підставі аналізу проблем проведення кодифікації оперативно-розшукового законодавства України доведена думка висновків, що ця кодифікація має як позитивні, так і негативні сторони. Як висновки зазначено, що виявлених, на перший погляд, недоліків набагато менше, ніж позитивних аспектів, які свідчать на користь розробки та прийняття Оперативно-розшукового кодексу України. Тому варто вивести правове регулювання ведення оперативно-розшукової діяльності на якісно новий рівень. Прийняття Оперативно-розшукового кодексу України забезпечить можливість поєднати досконале правове регулювання оперативно-розшукової діяльності з одночасним гарантуванням прав та свобод людини. The article analyzes the problems of legal regulation of operational-search activity in Ukraine and explains the ways of their solution. After analyzing the codification problem of operational-search laws of Ukraine, the authors of the article state that it has both positive and negative sides. Positive aspects of the codification of operational-search laws should be considered the following: • the procedure for its implementation will be regulated not by the set of separate, but the only codified normative act; • it will be possible to achieve a correlation between operational-search and criminal-procedural law, which will increase the effectiveness of interaction between operative units and pre-trial investigation authority in combating crime; • autonomy of legal regulation in operational-search activities will be ensured; • a detailed legal regulation of operational-search activities will serve as a guarantee of the effectiveness of its conduct, as the organization and implementation of operational-search activities will be clearly defined; • the forms of conduction operational-search activities by entities determined by law will also be considered; • due to detailed legal regulation, guarantees of legality of its conduct will increase; • interaction between individual operational-search activities will increase, as the Code will establish the principles of interaction of operative units during the conducting operational-search activities, including in the field of international cooperation; • the level of social protection of persons taking part in conducting operational search activities will increase; • a sufficient legal basis will be created for the development of departmental normative acts by separate entities of operational-search activities. The negative codification consequences of the normative-legal regulation of conducting operational-search activities should include: operative units will act in strict legal terms; the "transparency" of operational-search activity will significantly increase. As the author’s conclusions, it is noted that at first glance the negative aspects are much less than positive aspects, which testifies to the need for the development and adoption of the Operational-Investigative Code of Ukraine. It is necessary to bring out the legal regulation of conducting operational-search activity to a qualitatively new level. The implementation of the Operational-Investigative Code of Ukraine will provide the opportunity to combine the perfect legal regulation of operational-search activity while guaranteeing human rights and freedoms.