Насильство в сім’ї як соціально-педагогічна проблема

Abstract

У статті акцентовано, що домашнє насильство – це тривалий процес, специфічної системи взаємин між насильником і жертвою насилля, коли на сильник і жертва члени однієї сім’ї, одного колективу. Розкрито форми насилля в сім`ї, а саме: фізичне, сексуальне, психічне насильство, нехтування основними потребами дитини (моральна жорстокість). Встановлено, що сімейне насильство не є прикрим епізодом – це дії, які раз у раз повторюються, не мають чітких границь у видах насильства, а переходить з одного виду в інший, і має комплексний характер. Призводить до поглиблення соціально-психологічної та моральної роз’єднаності в родинах, ворожості членів сім`ї, жорстокості з оточенням та у суспільстві в цілому і є важливою сучасною проблемою. The article emphasizes that family violence is a long-term process whereby a specific system of relationships between the abuser and the victim of violence is established when the abuser and the victim are members of one family, one collective (formal or informal). It is defined that domestic violence as an interaction of its members in three main manifestations is expressed: 1) behavior based on the commission of “implicit” violence, namely not perceived by the subject as violent, in the forms of “pedagogical”, “socializational”, “informational coercion”; 2) behavior related to mechanisms for recognizing of aggressive move which are violence by nature; 3) imitation of violence at the level of domestic relations related to the discriminatory behavior of family members. Forms of family violence are disclosed, namely: physical, sexual, mental violence, neglect of the basic needs of the child (moral cruelty) . The article describes the socio-cultural conditions of violence against children and adolescents: 1) lack of a clear assessment of physical punishment in society; 2) low legal literacy of the population; 3) lack of understanding by society of violence as a social problem; 4) lack of effective state preventive policy; 5) imperfect legislation; 6) demonstration of violence through the media. The article highlights that the causes of child abuse in the family should be considered in four contexts: a) socio-cultural context; b) family context; c) individual context; d) crisis context. This article presents that domestic violence differs from other acts of aggression in that way, that it is not an embarrassing episode; these are actions that are repeated one at a time, have no clear boundaries in the types of violence, but move from one species to another, and have complex nature. It leads to deepening of social-psychological and moral separation in families, mutual distrust and hostility of family members of one another, brutality and cruelty in dealing with the environment and in society in general and is an important problem of society in general.