Криміналістична характеристика втеч засуджених із кримінально-виконавчих установ закритого типу

Abstract

У статті зазначено, що одним із головних завдань установ виконання покарань є боротьба з втечами засуджених з них, оскільки цей злочин порушує порядок виконання та відбування покарань і створює реальну суспільну небезпеку. Досліджено криміналістичну характеристику втеч засуджених, розглянуто причини та умови вчинення злочину, характеристики осіб, які їх вчиняють, та джерела отримання інформації про їх протиправну діяльність. The article states that one of the main tasks of penitentiary institutions is to fight against convicts` escaping from penitentiary institutions, as this crime not only violates the order of execution and serving of sentences, but also creates a real social danger, as in most cases, convicts who committed escape, illegally staying outside the detention centers continue their illegal activities. The article explores the criminological and forensic characteristics of the convicts` escape, discusses the causes and conditions of committing this crime, the characteristics of the persons who does that and sources of obtaining information about their illegal activities. The peculiarities of the production activity nature and the type of execution of punishment institution regime also affect the methods of escape, which can be classified into three groups: The first group. Escape from the protected area (overcoming fences of residential areas and production facilities; deception of junior inspectors of surveillance and security, exit from protected areas through the checkpoint; use of vehicles to exit protected areas; exit from protected areas through underground. The second group. Escapes on the way to and from unprotected production facilities of the execution of punishment institutions (hidden overcoming of the security line; attack on security and its disarmament; shelter in hiding places with the subsequent abandonment of the production facility after being disarmed). Third group. Convicts` escape from the correctional centres and social rehabilitation centres, as well as the convicts` escape using the right of movement without convoy (unauthorized departure, departure from the settlement where the correctional centers are located; unauthorized exit (departure) from the production facility of the social rehabilitation centre; violation of the route movement). The motives for escaping are diverse: desire to evade punishment; desire to continue a criminal lifestyle, revenge on his wife, cohabitants for treason etc.