Особливості статусу засуджених до довічного позбавлення волі

Abstract

Стаття присвячена дослідженню особливостей правового статусу засуджених до довічного позбавлення волі. Авторами зазначено, що погляди на елементи правового статусу засуджених дуже різняться, проте вони вважають, що найбільш вдалою є базова модель структури, яку в науці називають традиційною: суб’єктивні права, законні інтереси та обов’язки засуджених.

The article addresses to the study of the legal status peculiarities of those sentenced to life imprisonment. The authors indicate that peculiarities regarding the legal status of persons sentenced to life imprisonment differ greatly, but they believe that the most successful is the basic model of the structure, which is called traditional in science: subjective rights, legal interests and duties of convicts. The rights of those sentenced to life imprisonment are set out in Art. 107 and Art. 151 of the Criminal and Executive Code of Ukraine. While analyzing the petition of Luzhynetskyi A.O. to the Constitutional Court of Ukraine regarding the granting of the right to short-term travel outside the prisons to those sentenced to life mprisonment, the authors came to the conclusion that it is not appropriate to grant such a right. The author points out that the institution of punishment in the form of life imprisonment is undergoing significant changes, however, in the opinion of the authors, it is not appropriate to grant this category of convicts the right to short-term departures from prisons: First, those sentenced to life imprisonment enjoy all the rights provided for those sentenced to imprisonment for a certain period of time, with the exception of those restrictions prescribed for them based on the gravity of the crime committed and its criminal activity. Second, those sentenced to imprisonment do not have the right to leave the prison for a short time. This permission can be granted only by the head of the institution, under exceptional circumstances, if the convict is not inclined to continue his illegal activities and proves his correction. This category of convicts is the most dangerous in connection with the severity of the crime committed, the severity of the punishment, and the impossibility of applying a more severe punishment than that provided for by the previous criminal activity. Third, in the case of correction of a person sentenced to life imprisonment, such elements of the progressive system of execution of punishments may be applied to him, such as replacing life imprisonment with imprisonment for a certain period, and in the future, conditional early release.