Вплив Гаазьких конвенцій з міжнародного приватного права на формування механізму захисту прав дитини у сфері цивільного та сімейного права України: колізії і шляхи розв’язання

Abstract

У статті розглянуто зміст кількох Гаазьких конвенцій з міжнародного приватного права. Проаналізовано основні положення їх позитивного впливу на цивільне та сімейне законодавство України стосовно механізму захисту прав та законних інтересів дітей. У зв’язку з цим визначено колізії, які виникли (можуть виникнути) при трансформації цих конвенцій до національного законодавства, та запропоновано шляхи їх розв’язання.

The actuality of the topic of the article is primarily determined by the fact that in recent decades, with the growth of globalization, social relations of a private legal nature have increasingly gone beyond the scope of national legislation, and this has led to legal conflicts complicated by a foreign element. Many international organizations, including the Hague Conference on Private International Law, are engaged in developing unified solutions to such situations. The agenda of the Hague Conference on Private International Law includes issues of international cooperation to create an effective mechanism for protecting the children’s rights and interests. As practice shows, this topic is driven by the need to: protect the individual in the process of countering attempts of international child abduction; protect children and cooperate in intercountry adoption; regulate parental responsibility for the provision of custody, care and international recovery of child support and other types of family maintenance. The article analyzes the essential provisions of the Hague Conventions on Private International Law relating to the protection of civil and family rights of children and their impact on the formation of modern Ukrainian legislation regulating relations in this area. The article points out the need to bring certain provisions of the Civil and Family Codes of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine on Private International Law into compliance with the requirements set out in the Hague Conventions on Private International Law. As a result, the author formulates some proposals that should be introduced into the current legislation of Ukraine regulating legal relations for the protection of children’s rights burdened by a foreign element.