Правовий статус дитини з інвалідністю як категорія права соціального забезпечення (частина ІI)

Abstract

Стаття присвячена дослідженню такої правової категорії як правовий статус дитини з інвалідністю у сфері соціального забезпечення, його структурним елементам, співвідношенню зі статусом інших категорій отримувачів матеріального забезпечення. Проаналізовано нормативні акти, в яких закріплене правове положення дітей з інвалідністю, розкрито зміст їх прав і обов’язків, надано рекомендації щодо вдосконалення чинних норм з метою поліпшення матеріального становища дітей з фізичними та розумовими вадами.

The article is devoted to the study of such a legal category as the legal status of a child with disabilities in the field of social security, its structural elements, the relationship with the status of other categories of material support recipients. The authors conclude that the elements of the legal status of a child with disabilities are only his/her rights and responsibilities, which are realized by him/her through a legal representative or with hi/her active assistance. Freedom is not the subject of a study of social security law and is not part of a child’s legal status. Legal capacity indicates that a child with disabilities is a subject of social security law and has the rights and responsibilities provided by this branch of law since birth until reaching adulthood. In most cases, children with disabilities are not aware of the importance of their actions and cannot be guided by them, that is, to dispose of rights and responsibilities, and therefore they cannot be full-fledged subjects of social security relations. In such legal relations, they are often replaced by legal representatives. The special rights of a child with disabilities in the field of social protection are the child`s legal possibilities with the assistance of his/her legal representative to receive additional types of compensatory social security, which are associated with disability due to persistent dysfunction. In social security law, ensuring the responsibilities and violating of them rely on the child`s legal representative. Some responsibilities may be imposed on a child with disabilities when he/she receives social services, but in most cases he/she will be morally responsible for the violation. In the article the authors conditionally divided three categories of children with special needs: 1) children with disabilities; 2) children with serious illnesses who have not been diagnosed with disabilities; 3) children with mental or physical disabilities who have no grounds for establishing disability.