Національна та кримінальна безпека як складові запобігання і протидії злочинності в Україні в умовах воєнного стану

Abstract

У статті розкрито національну та кримінальну безпеку як складові запобігання та протидії злочинності в Україні в умовах воєнного стану. Виокремлено складові протидії та запобігання злочинності в умовах воєнного стану, національну та кримінальну безпеки. Доведено, що і національна, і кримінальна безпека України здатні активно захищати життєво важливі інтереси українського суспільства, держави та її громадян від впливу внутрішніх і зовнішніх загроз, нейтралізувати їх і забезпечувати стійкий прогресивний розвиток країни, а також протистояти ворогу у збройному конфлікті з рф, задокументувати та оцінити масштаби вчинення ворогом кримінальних правопорушень на окупованих ним територіях з метою їх розслідування і притягнення винних до кримінальної відповідальності. The article reveals national and criminal security as components of combating and preventing crime in Ukraine under martial law. The components of combating and preventing crime in the conditions of martial law, national and criminal security are described. The national and criminal security of Ukraine are found to be capable of actively protecting the vital interests of Ukrainian society, the state and its citizens from the influence of internal and external threats, neutralizing them and ensuring the sustainable progressive development of the country, as well as confronting the enemy in an armed conflict with the Russian Federation, to document and assess the scale of criminal offenses committed by the enemy in the occupied territories, with the aim of investigating them and bringing the perpetrators to justice. The article proves that the development of a democratic society and the rule of law is a long and complex process. Among its negative features, crime in general, and in conditions of martial law, in particular, poses a significant threat to the country's national security, life and health of the country's population. Understanding and analyzing data on crime under martial law allows us to understand its essence and the need for countermeasures and prevention. In this case, there is: a clear idea of what should be understood by the term “national security of the country”, “criminal security”, “martial law”. In order to achieve stability of the national and criminal security system of Ukraine in the conditions of martial law, we should realize how external and internal destabilizing factors do not allow the state to solve three main problems: to ensure powerful economic security; strengthen the socio-psychological security of the country's population, especially in conditions of occupation; ensure effective management of all processes of the state's vital activities. The criminal situation in Ukraine under the conditions of martial law continues to steadily worsen, which is expressed, first of all, in a significant increase in the number of criminal offenses committed by the occupiers and in the growth of their public danger. Terrorism and genocide are crimes that are regulated by the norms of international law, and therefore Ukraine is asking the international community to create special tribunal for the political and military leadership of the Russian Federation. This is important, because the Russian Federation without permission, as an uninvited guest came to Ukraine on February 24 and caused a lot of losses, suffering, tears and grief, which was the reason for the introduction of martial law in the country, and therefore, we must understand how external and internal factors can influence in these conditions on threats to national and criminal security of the country, and what mechanisms, ways and methods are needed to protect the vital interests of society. The following conclusions of the study are presented in the article: – the national security of Ukraine must show the ability of state and non- state institutions to actively protect the vital interests of Ukrainian society, the state and its citizens from the influence of internal and external threats, neutralize them and ensure sustainable progressive development of the country; – the criminal security of Ukraine is capable of confronting the enemy in an armed conflict with the Russian Federation on the background of national security. It is able to document and assess the scale of criminal offenses committed by the enemy in the occupied territories, with the aim of investigating them and bringing the perpetrators to justice; – the problem of crime under martial law remains one of the most urgent and socially significant, socio-legal phenomena, domestic criminologists should send scientific intelligence in this area and provide recommendations on its counteraction and prevention.