Особливості залучення засуджених до праці у виправно-трудових колоніях та виправно-трудових таборах у 30–60 рр. ХХ століття

Abstract

Статтю присвячено дослідженню порядку залучення до праці осіб, які відбували кримінальні покарання у виправно-трудових колоніях та виправно трудових таборах у 30-60 рр. ХХ століття. Перетворення системи виконання покарань має врахувати досвід реформ щодо перебудови системи місць позбавлення волі з урахуванням вимог військо вого стану, а в післявоєнний час – відновлення її діяльності з урахуванням репресій передвоєнного періоду, передового досвіду інших держав і спираючись на сучасні наукові концепції. The article addresses to the study of conditions, procedure and rules for the employment of persons serving criminal punishment in correctional labor colonies and correctional labor camps in the 30-60s. of the 20th century. In recent years, the domestic criminal-executive system has become the subject of close attention from not only public organizations, but also the country’s leadership. The leading direction in the criminal-executive policy, proclaimed in the Criminal-Executive Code of Ukraine, adopted on July 11, 2003, namely the protection of the interests of the individual, society and the state by creating 47 conditions for the correction and resocialization of convicts, the prevention of new criminal offenses, both convicted and others persons, as well as the prevention of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment with convicted persons on the basis of the achievement of world standards for the treatment of convicts, is increasingly conflict with the current system of penitentiary institutions, formed in the Soviet era that has not suffer fundamental changes. For state institutions, employees of penitentiary institutions was a task of qualitatively changing the existing system of deprivation of liberty places, to create real grounds for creating a modern criminal executive policy of independent Ukraine, taking into account the political, economic, ideological and criminal situation in the country. The transformation of the punishment system in order to succeed should take into account the experience of reforms that were conducted in this area by the Soviet state. From this point of view a special value has the analysis of the Soviet corrective labor policy that was conducted during the 1930-1960s. In the specified historical period an attempt was made to rebuild the system of punishment execution and, above all, places of deprivation of liberty, taking into account the requirements of the military state, and in the postwar period, to restore its activity with the mistakes of the repression of the prewar period, the best practices of other states, based on the scientific concepts of the prerevolutionary Russia.