ВЕРХОВНИЙ СУД США ПІД ГОЛОВУВАННЯМ ХЬЮЗА Ч. Е. (1930–1941)

Abstract

У статті досліджено роль Верховного суду США – вищої федеральної судової інстанції у формуванні системи права в 1930–1941 рр. (у період головування судді Хьюза Ч. Е.), а також вплив у цей період федеральної судової влади на виконавчу й законодавчу владу та правову систему держави. Визначено роль Верховного суду США у формуванні конституційного устрою США, створенні прецеденту, що в подальшому використовувався президентами США в їх діяльності. Запропоновано висновки і рекомендації. The role of Supreme Court of the USA is investigated in the article - to the higher federal judicial instance in forming of the system of right in 1930–1941 (in the period of chairmanship of judge Hughes Ch. E.), and also influence in this period of federal department judicial on executive and legislative power and legal system of the state. The role of Supreme Court of the USA is also determined in forming of constitutional device of the USA, creation of precedent that in future was used by Presidents of the USA in their activity. Conclusions and recommendations are offered. There is research of position the USA in 1930–1941 it is actual not only because of that at this time measures were conducted on overcoming of world economic crisis, but also because Supreme Court of the USA entered into a peracute (for all history) conflict with executive sovereignly – President. Supreme Court as general and constitutional justice court, must (in case of origin of legal dispute) analysing positions of laws that in opinion of side in business are unconstitutional to define a question about their accordance of federal Constitution. So there is a necessity to find out, going round ideological conclusions, real historical and legal role of Supreme Court of the USA chaired by Hughes Ch. E. in forming of the system of right constitutional mode, and also about actual character of political and legal mutual relations between federal judicial, executive and legislative authorities.