Теоретико-праксеологічні проблеми застосування покарання у виді арешту в Україні

Abstract

У статті розглядаються сучасні проблеми застосування й відбування покарання у виді арешту та його ефективності як виду покарання для повнолітніх і неповнолітніх осіб. Автори звертаються до зарубіжного досвіду країн Балтії та країн ЄС. Проаналізовано законодавство Великої Британії, Франції, Німеччини, США, Латвії, Естонії.

The authors argue that it is inappropriate for individual scholars to serve a sentence in the form of arrest in their free time (on weekends, possibly at night). This position states that serving a sentence on weekends and at night will greatly reduce its effectiveness, as it will be perceived by the child as a simple night or kind of two-day break. The deep meaning of any punishment must be the criminal offender’s understanding of the unfavorable, inconvenient situation in which he loses a significant number of his rights. Thus, even a 45-day break from study will not suffer the same harm as a “light” version of punishment. Secondly, the desire to create a favorable environment may not be fully combined with the ultimate goal and essence of punishment. With regard to house arrest as a potential form of punishment for juveniles, attention is drawn to the fact that finding a teenager at home may adversely affect the process of correction, as the environment can have a destructive effect on his psychiсs state and personality. It is concluded that to date, arrest as a form of punishment for both adults and juvenile offenders has almost completely lost its effectiveness and efficiency. Arrest can be called a rudiment of criminal law, which requires either a revision or a complete replacement with another, more modern, criminal measure. Particular attention is paid to the arrest of minors, which can be completely replaced by a coercive measure of an educational nature in the form of referral to a special educational institution.