Окремі проблеми адміністративно-првової кваліфікації правопорушень, пов'язаних з корупцією

Abstract

У статті аналізуються особливості правової кваліфікації правопорушень, пов’язаних з корупцією. Автори вказують, що правильна кваліфікація може бути проведена, коли доведена наявність обов’язкових та факультативних елементів складу проступку, відсутність обставин, які звільняють від адміністративної відповідальності чи вказують на малозначність діяння. Правова кваліфікація визначає правильність юридичної оцінки проступку та дозволяє застосувати справедливе покарання, яке б відповідало тяжкості вчиненого та тій шкоді, яка була або могла бути завдана корупційним адміністративним діянням.

The article analyzes the problems that arise in the process of administrative and legal qualification of offenses related to corruption, the responsibility for which is established by the provisions of Chapter 13-A of the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses. The authors defend the idea that the correct and complete qualification can be carried out only when the presence of all the elements of the misdemeanor is proven, the circumstances that mitigate and/or aggravate the responsibility are determined, and the presence of optional elements of an administrative offense of the objective or subjective side is proven, the absence of circumstances that exempt from administrative responsibility or may indicate the insignificance of the act is proven. The authors outline a range of problems, the presence of which complicates the process of legal qualification. These include: the lack of a clear formulation of the objective side of an administrative offense related to corruption; the presence of a large number of notes to the norms of chapter 13-A, which define the subjects of specific administrative offenses or contain definitions that determine the specifics of the manifestation of the objective side of the act; lack of clear wording of the composition of administrative offenses related to corruption and their distinction from corruption manifestations that are not prosecuted in an administrative manner; the difficulty of applying the sign of repeated offense commission related to corruption; unresolved issue of the expediency of applying the provisions of Art. 22 of the Code of Administrative Offenses "Possibility of exemption from administrative liability in case of minor offense"; the difficulty of proving the presence of selfish and other motives in those cases where their obligation is presumed. The authors come to the conclusion that the quality of legal qualifications determines the correctness of the legal assessment of a specific administrative offense and allows the application of a fair punishment that would correspond to the severity of the offense and the damage that was or could be caused by a corrupt administrative act.