Правове регулювання послуг каршерінгу: аналіз acquis communautaire ЄС та законодавства України

Abstract

томобілізації і породженої нею глибокої трансформації транспортних моделей та мобільності. На зміну концепції володіння приватним автомобілем приходить ідеологія Shared Mobility, елементом якої є каршерінг. Вказано, що для України актуальність аналізу каршерінгу обумовлена євроінтеграцією та браком чіткої законодавчої бази щодо каршерінгу, що своєю чергою створює регуляторні ризики і заважає його масштабуванню, а через це практично обумовлює відсутність можливості зниження перевантаженості українських міст автомобілями та детермінує брак паркувальних місць. Modern societies are experiencing widespread motorization and the profound transformation of transport and mobility practices that it has brought about. Mobility has become an axiological component of everyday life, and the concept of private car ownership is being replaced by the ideology of shared mobility, of which car sharing is an element. Car sharing research in Ukraine is driven by EU integration requirements, urban infrastructure congestion, parking shortages, and the lack of a clear regulatory framework. The purpose of this work is to analyze the regulatory framework for car sharing in the EU and Ukraine and to make proposals for improving domestic legislation, taking into account the strengths of the European experience in scaling car sharing. Conclusions. In the EU, car sharing is regulated through sustainable transport strategies, integration into sustainable mobile development plans at the local level, and taking into account general EU principles. For Ukraine, adapting the transport model to European standards is a matter of fulfilling international obligations regarding the approximation of legislation. A comparative analysis allows us to conclude that the most relevant components of the car sharing model for Ukraine should be the following elements: 1) from the German model, it is advisable to take as an example the legislative consolidation of car sharing; 2) it is advisable to borrow from the French-Italian model the features of integrating car sharing into urban policy and define it as a model of financial incentives for citizens; 3) from the Dutch model, the development of car sharing as part of digital mobility seems useful. In addition, given the state of open military aggression by the rf against Ukraine, it should be borne in mind that car sharing is an element of urban infrastructure resilience, as it ensures the mobility of the population even in conditions of fuel shortages or damage to private cars.