Правове забезпечення реалізації відносин майнового найму у фермерських господарствах України

Abstract

Стаття присвячена аналізу правового забезпечення реалізації майнових правовідносин у діяльності фермерських господарств України. Обґрунтовано особливий характер земельно-майнових відносин за участю фермерських господарств. Проаналізовано особливості суб’єктно-об’єктного складу відносин майнового найму у фермерській діяльності. Особливу увагу приділено змісту, підставам виникнення, зміни та припинення таких правовідносин. The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the legal framework for the implementation of property legal relations in the activities of farming enterprises in Ukraine, taking into account current changes in agrarian, land, and civil legislation. The relevance of the issue is further strengthened by the processes of civil law recodification and the harmonization of national legislation with European Union law, which raise the question of preserving farming enterprises as an independent organizational and legal form. It is substantiated that farming enterprises combine economic, social, and environmental functions in their activities, which determines the specific nature of land and property relations involving them. It is proved that property lease is one of the key legal forms for involving land real estate in farming activities. The specifics of the legal personality of a farming enterprise as a participant in property lease relations are revealed, and the existence of special land and property legal personality and its main features are justified. The object composition of property lease relations in farming activities is analyzed, and it is demonstrated that a farming enterprise as a single property complex and a separate farmstead form a complex object of legal regulation that requires the integrated application of civil, land, agrarian, and urban planning law. Special attention is paid to the content of the rights and obligations of the parties to property lease, as well as to the grounds for the emergence of such legal relations, including those arising by virtue of law. The article concludes that legislative regulation needs to be improved in order to ensure the stability of property turnover, legal certainty, and a balance of interests of participants in land and property relations in the field of farming.